Food insecurity has been associated with medication non-adherence among individuals living with chronic diseases like hypertension. The relationship between Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)—a public program that addresses food insecurity—and Medication adherence among older Medicaid-insured adults living with hypertension is not clear.

Our objective is to analyze the association between patterns of SNAP participation and adherence to antihypertensive medications among older Medicaid-insured individuals.

We found, on multivariable analyses, there was a statistically significant association between ever participating in SNAP and medication adherence (β = 0.32; S.E. = 0.011). Compared to those who participated in SNAP for 1–3 months during the 12-month continuous enrollment, there was an increased likelihood of medication adherence among those who were enrolled for 10–12 months (β = 0.44, S.E. = 0.041).

We conclude that Medicaid-insured older adults who are SNAP participants or enrolled in SNAP for 10–12 months of a 12-month Medicaid continuous enrollment period are more likely to be adherent to antihypertensive medication compared to non-SNAP participants or those enrolled for 1–3 months, respectively.